Overview and Operation Principle of Solar Battery Photovoltaic Energy Storage System

A solar photovoltaic energy storage system, referred to as a photovoltaic energy storage system, is a system that uses the solar photovoltaic effect to convert light energy into electrical energy and stores the electrical energy through energy storage equipment for subsequent use. The system integrates the two core technologies of photovoltaic power generation and energy storage, which not only realizes the sustainable use of energy but also solves the problem of unstable power supply through power dispatching, becoming an important innovation in the field of modern energy.

First, an overview of solar battery photovoltaic energy storage system

Solar photovoltaic energy storage system is mainly composed of photovoltaic panels, energy storage equipment, power inverters, and so on. The photovoltaic panel is the core component of the system, which converts sunlight directly into direct current through the photovoltaic effect. Energy storage devices are used to store the electricity generated by photovoltaic panels to provide electricity during times of low light or peak demand for electricity. The power inverter is responsible for converting direct current into alternating current to meet the electricity needs of households, enterprises, and other users.

According to the different application places, photovoltaic energy storage systems can be divided into photovoltaic off-grid power generation systems, off-grid energy storage systems, photovoltaic grid-connected energy storage systems, and micro-grid energy storage systems. Among them, the photovoltaic grid-connected energy storage system can store excess power generation, improve the proportion of spontaneous self-use, and maximize the utilization of energy.

Second, the operation principle of solar photovoltaic energy storage system

The operation principle of solar photovoltaic energy storage system mainly includes the following steps:

Photovoltaic panels absorb sunlight and convert light energy into direct current through the photovoltaic effect. When the sun shines on the surface of the photovoltaic panel, the photons excite the electrons in the panel, forming a current, to achieve the conversion of light energy to electricity.

The direct current is delivered to the energy storage device for storage. Energy storage devices usually use high-efficiency energy storage technologies such as lithium-ion batteries and sodium-sulfur batteries to store electrical energy in the form of chemical energy for later use.

When electricity is needed, the power inverter converts the direct current stored in the energy storage device to alternating current. The inverter has a variety of working modes, which can be intelligently scheduled according to user demand and power supply to ensure a stable supply of power.

Alternating current is connected to the load through the grid or directly to meet the needs of users. When there is insufficient light or peak power demand, the electricity in the energy storage device will play a key role in making up for the lack of power supply.

Third, the advantages of solar photovoltaic energy storage system

Solar photovoltaic energy storage systems have many advantages, including decentralization, efficiency, economy, and environmental protection. It can convert solar energy into electricity and store it, reducing the dependence on traditional energy, reducing carbon emissions, and contributing to the sustainable development of energy. At the same time, the photovoltaic energy storage system also has an intelligent scheduling function, which can automatically adjust the power supply according to the power demand, improving the power quality and power supply reliability.

Solar photovoltaic energy storage systems, as an important innovation in the field of modern energy, are gradually changing the way we use energy. With the continuous progress of technology and the reduction of costs, photovoltaic energy storage systems will play a greater role in the future and make greater contributions to the realization of sustainable development of energy and environmental protection.