On November 2nd, Guizhou Energy Bureau issued an announcement on publicly soliciting opinions and suggestions on "Work Measures for Promoting the Integrated Development of Coal, Electricity and New Energy". The announcement pointed out that supporting coal-electricity integration projects should give priority to grid connection. For new energy projects that are not included in coal-electricity new energy integration and need to participate in market-oriented grid connection, it should be no less than 10% of the installed scale of new energy (the linkage ratio can be dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation). Meet the 2-hour operation requirements and build or purchase energy storage to meet the peak shaving demand; For newly-built new energy projects without energy storage, grid connection will not be considered for the time being to ensure smooth power supply.
Not only Guizhou, but also Ningxia, Liaoning, Anhui, Jiangsu and other provinces have put forward the requirement of "new energy with energy storage" in relevant policies in the past two years. This combination can play the role of energy storage to stabilize the fluctuation of new energy generation, and contribute to the stable operation of the energy system.
However, whether the above intentions can really be realized depends on the actual operation effect of the combination. The Investigation Report on the Operation of New Energy Distribution and Storage released by China Electric Power Enterprise Federation on November 8th (hereinafter referred to as the Report) points out that there are some problems in the new energy distribution and storage at present, such as low utilization rate, lack of scientific demonstration of distribution and storage scale, lack of diversion mechanism of cost and lack of business model.
"New energy with energy storage" is not a simple addition, but the two should cooperate effectively and play a role of 1+1>2. Effective cooperation between new energy and energy storage depends on feasible technologies. Lin Xuefeng, deputy chief engineer of Xinjiang Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Energy Construction Group, and director of the Planning and Research Center, once pointed out with the example of photovoltaic distribution and energy storage that the integration of optical storage is not a simple combination of photovoltaic system and energy storage system, but depends on the deep integration of technology to maximize the efficiency and economy of energy storage system.
According to the research of ITU, at present, there are many kinds of new energy storage, different functions, great differences in technology maturity and economy, but many places have adopted a "one size fits all" configuration standard for wind power storage and photovoltaic storage. In fact, there are obvious differences between wind power storage and photovoltaic storage in terms of energy storage utilization requirements and the effect of improving the utilization rate of new energy, and the homogenization of energy storage requirements is not scientific.
Related enterprises have carried out research on adaptive technology. In terms of photovoltaic distribution and energy storage, China Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection Group Co., Ltd. studied the AC/DC interconnection system platform with the energy storage system as the core, which is suitable for the low-voltage side access of adjacent transformers, based on the load power data of the owner's transformer gateway meter, according to the project's short-term energy storage demand management requirements, medium-term photovoltaic and charging pile DC side access requirements. At the same time, based on the low-voltage AC/DC interconnection platform, it studied the strategies of energy storage system demand management control algorithm, coordinated control of light storage and charging, etc. In the aspect of wind power distribution and energy storage, the wind power company under the group has set up a project named "Development and Demonstration Project of Wind Storage Energy Cooperative Control System", and plans to complete the development of wind storage energy cooperative control system before the end of the year, thus forming a technical reserve for smart microgrid and comprehensive energy research. At present, the development of wind storage energy cooperative controller has been completed and the hardware-in-the-loop simulation verification has been completed.
Cost reduction is the embodiment of effective cooperation. Chen Haisheng, chairman of Zhongguancun Energy Storage Industry Technology Alliance and chairman of the Energy Storage Committee of China Energy Research Association, said in public that new energy plus energy storage should be able to provide controllable energy with the same performance as fossil energy. At the same time, the power generation price of new energy plus energy storage should not be higher than that of fossil energy.
At present, Qinghai, Hunan, Shandong and other provinces have successively adopted the shared energy storage mechanism, that is, the shared energy storage mode is started at the power supply side, and the shared energy storage capacity is leased to the nearby new energy power stations that need to be allocated. The project can obtain income from spot market, new energy lease and capacity electricity price subsidy, so as to reduce the overall operating cost.
The overall utilization rate of supporting new energy storage is low. According to the Report, the average equivalent utilization coefficient of electrochemical energy storage projects is 12.2%, and the allocation and storage coefficient of new energy is only 6.1%, which is lower than the allocation and storage of thermal power plants, power grid and users.
At the same time, the rising cost of energy storage raw materials "hedges" the cost advantage brought by shared energy storage. In the past two years, the price of lithium carbonate, a raw material for energy storage batteries, has risen sharply. Qian Jing, global vice president of Jingke Energy, pointed out that at present, lithium resources form a monopoly of origin, mainly in Australia and South America, and the mining cost is getting higher and higher. Coupled with the limited production capacity, the price of lithium carbonate alone has increased six times this year. At the same time, the technology of lithium battery, especially Ferrous lithium phosphate, is very mature, which means that the cost reduction space is limited, unlike the cost reduction of photovoltaic technology.
Some insiders suggest that we can improve efficiency and reduce cost through system optimization. Cao Hui of Ruipu Lanjun Energy Co., Ltd. proposed that the existing resources can be used to improve the cycle life of lithium batteries, thus reducing the cost of the whole life cycle. Zhang Yulin, technical director of Shanghai Zhengtai Power System Co., Ltd., believes that a reasonable photovoltaic capacity ratio should be selected to improve the utilization rate of energy storage equipment, and a reasonable system scheme should be selected to improve the comprehensive conversion efficiency of optical storage.
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